Client access license - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. A client access license ("CAL") is a commercial software license that allow clients to connect to server software and use their services. Most commercial client software are licensed so that payment is required for each installation. However, some server software, which are accessed by multiple devices or users concurrently, are licensed so that payment is required for each concurrent use. Thus each concurrent use is authorized with a client access license. For example, an instance of Windows Server 2. CALs is purchased allows 1. Licensing[edit]Commercial software is licensed to end users or businesses: in a legally binding agreement between the proprietor of the software (the "licensor") and the end user or business (the "licensee"), the licensor gives permission to the licensee to use the software under certain limitations, which are set forth in the license agreement. In the case of Microsoft Corporation, the consumer retail or "off- the- shelf" products generally use very similar licences, allowing the licensee to use the software on one computer, subject to the usual terms and conditions. For businesses however, Microsoft offers several types of licensing schemes for a range of their products, which are designed to be cost effective, flexible, or both.[1]Commercial server software, such as Windows Server 2. SQL Server 2. 00. Windows Vista. All clients that connect to these server products must have a license to connect in order to use their services. These special purpose licenses come in the form of a CAL. Microsoft Office 365. relevant to the use of products licensed through Microsoft Volume Licensing programs. Client Access Licenses and Management Licenses. Microsoft Office 365. Find licensing information for Microsoft products including use rights. Client Access Licenses and Management Licenses. Buy Office 365 Home for the latest Office applications on. Office 2016 for Mac requires Mac OS X 10.10. Microsoft. Office for iPad Pro ® requires iOS 9.0 or. Microsoft Office suites help enable enterprise productivity across devices. For Volume Licensing customers, Microsoft Office delivers new ways of collaborating. Buy Microsoft Office Professional. Office Professional 2016. Office supports PCs running Windows 7 or higher and Macs running Mac OS X 10.10 for Office 2016. Microsoft Office for Mac; Microsoft Office 2010 Suites; Microsoft. Do not be fooled into buying illegal licenses at. Windows 10 Professional vs. A client access license. Some Microsoft Server products. Windows NT 4.0 clients may connect to Windows NT 4.0 terminal servers but not Windows 2000 or later. Enforcement[edit]A CAL legally permits client computers to connect to commercial server software. They usually come in the form of a certificate of authenticity (Co. A) and a license key, which is sometimes attached to the certificate itself. The various editions of most of Microsoft's server software usually include a small number of CALs, and this allows the software to be used by either a few users or a few computers, depending on the CAL licensing mode. If more connections to the server are needed, then additional CALs must be purchased. Some Microsoft Server products[which?] require one CAL per concurrent connection, whereby one CAL is required for each unique client connection at any point in time. For example, consider a small business network where the computers are used by ten people, but there are never more than five people on site using the computers at any one time. In this scenario, only five CALs are needed. However, some of Microsoft's products[which?] and licensing modes[which?] require a CAL for each unique client regardless of how many will be connecting at any single point in time.[2] Some of Microsoft's server software programs do not require CALs at all, as is the case of Windows Server Web Edition. Some CALs, however, are electronically enforced: the server will refuse to service clients if there are not enough CALs to cover them all. In order for the CALs to be used, either the CAL files must be imported into the software or the CAL licence keys must be entered in. The software will not service clients unless there are valid CALs installed, and it will authenticate and serve the number of clients licensed under the CALs. Once that number is met, the server can either accept a small number of additional connections and then warn administrators before refusing to serve further connections, however usually it will simply refuse to authenticate additional clients until one or more of them disconnects. In this way, the server electronically enforces the Client Access licensing.[citation needed]At present, there are only two Microsoft products that use this form of electronic license enforcement; Windows Small Business Server 2. Terminal Services.[citation needed] Presumably, the electronic enforcement in SBS is because most small businesses that run the Small Business Server do not have dedicated IT staff to ensure compliance, whereas larger organizations usually have dedicated IT staff that monitor CAL usage and organize the acquisition of additional CALs when necessary.[citation needed] Windows Small Business Server 2. CAL usage.[citation needed]CALs apply to either a "device" (as defined in the license agreement) or a "user". A business is free to choose either mode. In Per- User mode, a CAL is purchased to allow one user to connect to the server software. Any user can connect, but only one user may use a given CAL at any given time. Any number of CALs can be purchased to allow five, five hundred, or any number of users to simultaneously connect to the server. Any number of devices may connect to the server software, but only a set number of users can connect to it at once. Per- device mode operates in much the same way, but limits connections made by devices, rather than users. One CAL enables one device to connect to and use the server software, regardless of how many users are connecting. Although User and Device CALs are currently the same price, they may not be used interchangeably, and cannot be switched without buying new CALs. The price of User CALs is due to increase from December 2. UK), although the device CAL remains the same. Combined schemes[edit]The Core CAL is a special CAL offered by Microsoft through corporate license agreements such as Enterprise, Select or Open Value. The Core CAL, is a combination of CALs for Windows Server, Exchange Server, Share. Point Server, System Center Configuration Client Management License, Lync Server and Forefront Endpoint Subscription License. Core CALs are approximately 3. With the release of the 2. Microsoft started offering the Enterprise CAL Suite. The Enterprise CAL Suite combines 1. CALs, including the Core CAL combination, Enterprise functionality of Exchange, Lync and Share. Point Servers, as well as System Center Data Protection Manager, Operation Manager and Service Manager Client Management Licences.[3] As for the Core CALs, Entreprise CALs are only available through Open, Entreprise or Select agreements. Software editions[edit]CALs usually enable connectivity to server software regardless of the edition of the software.[4] For example, CALs purchased to enable client connectivity with Windows Server 2. Enterprise Edition can be used with Windows Server 2. Datacenter Edition. However, backwards compatibility is generally assured. For example, Windows Server 2. CALs can not only be used to access servers running on Windows Server 2. Windows Server 2. Windows Server 2. R2, Windows Server 2. Terminal Services[edit]Terminal Services is a function of Microsoft Windows that allows several types of connections to the server components of the system. Windows Server versions prior to 2. Terminal Services CALs; rather, clients which are of at least the same or lower version of the operating system are allowed access automatically. For example, Windows NT 4. Windows NT 4. 0 terminal servers but not Windows 2. Windows 2. 00. 0 or Windows XP clients may connect to Windows NT 4. Windows 2. 00. 0 terminal servers. This is called the equivalency license.[5]The system for enforcing the number of TS Cals ("Microsoft Enforced Licensing") used on versions later than NT was abused by the "FLAME" malware, leading to a patch in 2. Certificate Creation system used for Terminal Services. The number of per- user TS CALS on Windows 2. Microsoft did not have time to finalize technical enforcement before the release of the operating system.[6]See also[edit]References[edit]Further reading[edit].
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